Effect of irrigation frequency on growth and production of a cucumber crop under soilless culture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2017.v29.i11.1496Keywords:
drainage; phyto-sensing; rockwool; transpiration; water use efficiencyAbstract
Three irrigation frequencies were applied on a soilless cucumber crop, in a greenhouse located in the coastal area of southern Cyprus. Irrigation scheduling was based on solar radiation and performed whenever accumulated solar radiation energy outside the greenhouse reached 1.3 MJ m-2 [High Irrigation Frequency (HIF)], 1.9 MJ m-2 [Medium Irrigation Frequency (MIF)] and 3.0 MJ m-2 [Low Irrigation Frequency (LIF)]. The amount of water applied was 0.192 Kg m-2, 0.288 Kg m-2 and 0.448 Kg m-2 for high, medium and low irrigation frequencies, respectively. Appropriately, the total volume of water applied was identical in each of the three cases. In order to study the effects of irrigation frequency on cucumber crops, multiple measurements were taken; the fresh and dry weight of plant organs (i.e. leaves, stem and fruit), marketable fresh yield production, and microclimate variables for a 75 day period, beginning in April and ending in June. The results revealed that the irrigation frequency did not influence the cucumber crop’s growth and production. Plants at LIF were facing water stress conditions, as estimated from leaf temperature and stem micro variation measurements. However, HIF increased the transpiration rate of the plants, resulting in less water and nutrient losses.
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References
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Slamic, B. and T. Jug. 2016. Lettuce growth in extreme conditions. Emir. J. Food Agric. 28(6): 398-401.
Steppe, K., Pauw, D.J.W. and R. Lemeur. 2008. A step towards new irrigation scheduling strategies using plant- based measurements and mathematical modeling. Irri. Sci. 26: 505-517.
Tsirogiannis, I., Katsoulas, N. and C. Kittas. 2010. Effect of irrigation scheduling on gerbera flower yield and quality. Hort. Sci. 45(2): 265-270.
Varma, V. and M. A. Osuri. 2013. Black Spot: a platform for automated and rapid estimation of leaf area from scanned images. Plant Ecology 214, (12), pp 1529-1534.
Adejumobi, M.A., Aremu, S.K., Idowu, D.O. and O.I. Ojo. 2015. Effects of Irrigation Frequency and Manure on Growth Parameters, Crop Coefficient and Yield of Okro (Abelmoscus Esculeutus). Environ. Eart. Sci.Vol.5, No. 18.
De Swaef, T. and K. Steppe. 2010. Linking stem diameter variations to sap flow, turgor and water potential in tomato. Funct. Plant Biol.37: 429-438.
Du, Y. C. and S. Tachibana. 1994. Effect of supraoptimal root temperature on the growth, root respiration and sugar content of cucumber plants. Sci. Hort. 58: 289-301.
Eiasu, B. K., Steyn, J. M. and P. Soundy. 2012. Physiomorphological response of rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium spp) to irrigation frequency. S. Afr. J. Bot.78: 96-103.
Elshibli, S., Elshibli, E.M. and H. Korpelainen. 2016. Growth and photosynthetic CO2 responses of date palm plants to water availability. Emir. J. Food Agric. 28(1): 58-65.
Fernández, M. D., Bonachela, S., Orgaz, F., Thompson, R., López, J. C., Granados, M. R., Gallardo, M. and E. Fereres. 2010. Measurement and estimation of plastic greenhouse reference evapotranspiration in a Mediterranean climate. Irri. Sci. 28: 297-509.
Ferreira, D., De Almeida, J. A., Simões, M. and M. Pérez-Martín. 2016.Agricultural practices and geostatistical evaluation of nitrate pollution of groundwater in the Júcar River Basin District, Spain. Emir. J. Food Agric. 28(6): 415-424.
Gallardo, M., Thompson, R. B., Valdez, L. C. and M.D. Fernández. 2006. Use of stem diameter variations to detect plant water stress in tomato. Irri. Sci. 24: 241–255.
Grewal, H. S., Maheshwari, B. and S. E. Parks. 2011. Water and nutrient use efficiency of a low-cost hydroponic greenhouse for a cucumber crop: An Australian case study. Agri. water manage. 98: 841–846.
Helmer, T., Ehret, D. L. and S. Bittman. 2005. CropAssist, an automated system for direct measurement of greenhouse tomato growth and water use. Comput. Electron. Agric.48: 198-215.
Juárez-Maldonado, A., Benavides-Mendoza, A., De-Alba-Romenus, K. and Morales-Díaz A. B. 2014. Estimation of the water requirements of greenhouse tomato crop using multiple regression models. Emir. J. Food Agric. 26 (10): 885-897.
Kalaydjieva, R., Matev, A. and Zlatev, Z. 2015.Influence of irrigation regime on the leaf area and leaf area index of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Emir. J. Food Agric. 27 (2): 171-177.
Katsoulas, N., Kittas, C., Dimokas, G. and C. Lykas. 2006. Effect of irrigation frequency on rose flower production and quality. Biosyst. Eng. 93(2): 237-244.
Klock, K. A. 1995. Root-zone temperature effects on the nutrient uptake of horticultural crops. Ph.D. Dissertation. Iowa State University, Iowa, 4 pp.
Lee, B. W. and J. H. Shin. 1998. Optimal irrigation management system of greenhouse tomato based on stem diameter and transpiration monitoring. Agric. Inf. Tech. Asia Oceania. 87-90.
Mekonnen, S. A. 2012. Irrigation Frequency and Plant Density Affect Phenology and Crop Growth of Haricot Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L .). Afr. J. Plant Sci. 6 (Special Issue 1): 34-39.
Meric, M. K., Tuzel, I. H., Tuzel, Y. and G. B. Oztekin. 2011. Effects of nutrition systems and irrigation programs on tomato in soilless culture. Agri. water manage. 99: 19-25.
Morille, B., Migeon, C. and P.E. Bournet. 2013. Is the Penman-Monteith model adapted to predict crop transpiration under greenhouse conditions? Application to a New Guinea Impatiens crop. Sci. Hort. 152: 80-91.
Naeeni, A.B., Esfahani, E.M., Harchegani, M.B., Jafarpour, M. and M. Golabadi. 2014. Leaf Temperature as an Index to Determine the Irrigation Interval. Research on Crop Ecophysiology 9/1(2): 89–95.
Pires, R.C.M, Furlani, P.R, Ribeiro, R.V, Junior, D.B, Sakai, E., Lourenção, A.L. and A.T. Neto. 2011. Irrigation frequency and substrate volume effects in the growth and yield of tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. Sci. Agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.), v.68, n.4: p.400-405.
Raviv, M. and T. J. Blom. 2001. The effect of water availability and quality on photosynthesis and productivity of soilless-grown cut roses. Sci. Hort. 88: 257–276.
Rodriguez-Ortega, W. M., Martinez, V., Rivero, R. M., Camara-Zapata, J. M., Mestre, T. and F. Garcia-Sanchez. 2016. Use of a smart irrigation system to study the effects of irrigation management on the agronomic and physiological responses of tomato plants grown under different temperatures regimes. Agric. Water Manage. 183: 158-168.
Savvas D., Gianquinto G. P., Tüzel Y. and N. Gruda. 2013. "Soilless culture", in Good Agricultural Practices for Greenhouse Vegetable Crops. Principles for Mediterranean Climate Areas, eds Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), (Rome: FAO, Plant Production and Protection Paper 217): 303-354.
Savvas, D. 2002. General introduction. In Hydroponic Production of Vegetables and Ornamentals, Savvas, D., Passam, H., ed. Embryo Publishing, Athens, Greece, pp. 15-26.
Savvas, D., Stamati, E., Tsirogiannis, I. L., Mantzos, N. and P. E. Barouchas. 2007. Interactions between salinity and irrigation frequency in greenhouse pepper grown in closed-cycle hydroponic systems. Agri. water manage. 91: 102-111.
Schrӧder, F.G. and J.H. Lieth. 2002. Irrigation control in hydroponics. In Hydroponic Production of Vegetables and Ornamentals, Savvas, D., Passam, H., ed. Embryo Publishing, Athens, Greece, pp. 265-296.
Seelig, H. D., Hoehn, A., Stodieck, L. S., Klaus, D. M., Adams, W. W. and W. J. Emery. 2009. Plant water parameters and the remote sensing R 1300/R 1450 leaf water index: Controlled condition dynamics during the development of water deficit stress. Irri. Sci. 27: 357-365.
Shin, J.H. and J.E. Son. 2015. Development of a real-time irrigation control system considering transpiration, substrate electrical conductivity, and drainage rate of nutrient solutions in soilless culture of paprika (Capsicum annuum L.). Eur. J. Hortic. Sci. 80(6): 271-279.
Silber, A., Xu, G., Levkovitch, I., Soriano, S., Bilu, A. and R. Wallach. 2003. High irrigation frequency: The effect on plant growth and on uptake of water and nutrients. Plant Soil 253: 466-477.
Slamic, B. and T. Jug. 2016. Lettuce growth in extreme conditions. Emir. J. Food Agric. 28(6): 398-401.
Steppe, K., Pauw, D.J.W. and R. Lemeur. 2008. A step towards new irrigation scheduling strategies using plant- based measurements and mathematical modeling. Irri. Sci. 26: 505-517.
Tsirogiannis, I., Katsoulas, N. and C. Kittas. 2010. Effect of irrigation scheduling on gerbera flower yield and quality. Hort. Sci. 45(2): 265-270.
Varma, V. and M. A. Osuri. 2013. Black Spot: a platform for automated and rapid estimation of leaf area from scanned images. Plant Ecology 214, (12), pp 1529-1534.
Published
2017-10-16
How to Cite
Nikolaou, G., D. Neocleous, N. Katsoulas, and C. Kittas. “Effect of Irrigation Frequency on Growth and Production of a Cucumber Crop under Soilless Culture”. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, vol. 29, no. 11, Oct. 2017, pp. 863-71, doi:10.9755/ejfa.2017.v29.i11.1496.
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Section
Regular Articles
.