Physicochemical, morphological and functional characteristics of starch isolated from Quercus ilex and Quercus coccifera

Rabeb Lassoued; Manef Abderrabba; Jamel Mejri; Wafa Najar Benahmed; Aymen  Benhmed; Mounir Ferhi

doi:10.9755/ejfa.2023.3185

Authors

Rabeb Lassoued Laboratory of Materials Molecules and Applications, IPEST, BP 51, 2070 La Marsa, Tunisia
Manef Abderrabba Laboratory of Materials Molecules and Applications, IPEST, BP 51, 2070 La Marsa, Tunisia
Jamel Mejri Laboratory of Materials Molecules and Applications, IPEST, BP 51, 2070 La Marsa, Tunisia. Higher School of Engineers of Medjez el Bab, ESIM, 9070, University of Jendouba,Tunisia.
Wafa Najar Benahmed Laboratory of Composite Materials and Clay Minerals, National Center of Research in Sciences of Materials,Borj Cedria, B.P. 73, 8020 Soliman, Tunisia
Aymen Benhmed Laboratory of Composite Materials and Clay Minerals, National Center of Research in Sciences of Materials,Borj Cedria, B.P. 73, 8020 Soliman, Tunisia
Mounir Ferhi Laboratory of Physicochemistry of Mineral Materials and their Applications National Center of Research in Sciences of Materials,Borj Cedria, B.P. 73, 8020 Soliman, Tunisia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3185

Abstract

The present research work examined and compared the morphological, physicochemical and functional characteristics extracted from two oak varietiesgrowing inTunisia. Among the findings, it was observed that Quercus ilex's starch granules had the the hightest value of lipid and phosphor content. When observed under scanning electron microscopy, both Quercus ilex and Quercus coccifera starch granules exhibited various shapes such as ovoid, spherical, elliptical and irregular, with diameters ranging from 4 to 25 µm. As for the X-ray diffraction patterns, acorn starch from both varieties displayed an A-type pattern. Comparing the properties, Quercus coccifera acorn starch exhibited higher values for the light transmittance values, the solubility, the swelling power and the gelatinization temperatures than Quercus ilex acorn starch. However, the transition enthalpy of Quercus coccifera acorn starch was the lowest among the studied parameters. These results indicate that these properties are significantly (p<0.05) different depending on the oak variety. Thus, the starches of Quercus ilex and Quercus coccifera could play different roles in various industrial applications.

Keywords: acorn, functional properties starch,Quercus,physicochemical properties