IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON COASTAL VEGETATION - A REVIEW

Teresa Calvã o; Maria Fernanda Pessoa; Fernando Cebola Lidon

doi:10.9755/ejfa.v25i12.16730

Authors

Teresa Calvã o Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Maria Fernanda Pessoa Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Fernando Cebola Lidon Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.v25i12.16730

Keywords:

Coastal dune systems, Iberian Peninsula, Vegetation, Human impacts, Manageme

Abstract

Coastal dunes constitute complex interface ecosystems between the land and sea, providing important ecological and socio-economic services like coastal protection, recreation, regulation, food supply and biodiversity. They are characterized by high ecological diversity and also by extremely specialized and endemic species. Coastal areas, because of their position between land and sea, are attractive for many human activities. Unfortunately coastal systems have had a long history of exploitation and mismanagement.