APPLICATION OF COLOUR PARAMETERS FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF ARABICA AND ROBUSTA GREEN COFFEE

Authors

  • Natalina Conceicao Bicho Departmento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal Plant-Environment Interaction Group, Center of Environment Agriculture and Development, Tropical Research Institute, I.P., Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
  • Antonio Eduardo Leitao Departmento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal Plant-Environment Interaction Group, Center of Environment Agriculture and Development, Tropical Research Institute, I.P., Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
  • Jose Cochicho Ramalho Departmento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal Plant-Environment Interaction Group, Center of Environment Agriculture and Development, Tropical Research Institute, I.P., Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
  • Fernando Cebola Lidon Departmento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal Plant-Environment Interaction Group, Center of Environment Agriculture and Development, Tropical Research Institute, I.P., Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.v26i1.17190

Keywords:

Arabica coffee, Chromatic parameters, Robusta coffee, Technological quality

Abstract

This work aims to achieve fast and non-destructive indicators that enable the definition of the quality of green coffee from Coffea arabica and C. canephora, respectively Arabica and Robusta, in high commercial samples (which displayed, respectively, medium sieve between 17.4 and 19.2, trade homogeneity of 94.3% and 97.0%, mass of 1000 beans with values of 213.16 g and 151.36 g, apparent densities of green coffee not significantly different, showing values of 0.629 and 0.630 g cm-3 and moisture ranging between 9.056 and 9.243%). Being these samples within the established range of the international market, and ensuring good storage conditions, the chromatic parameters L* (lightness), C* (chroma) and Hº (tone or hue angle) of these samples were assessed using illuminants D65 and C. It was concluded that through the application of colour parameters the quality of green coffee can be assessed. Yet, as coordinate a* (contribution of red or green) strongly affects tone of the green coffee, the illuminant type used in the measurement must be defined and/or combined in order to accurately characterize product quality.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

ABIC. 2007. Revisã o 15 - Norma de qualidade recomendável e boas práticas de fabricaçã o de cafés torrados em grã o e cafés torrados moídos [Recommended quality standard and good manufacturing practices for roasted coffee beans and roasted grind coffee]. Associaçã o Brasileira da Indú stria do Café, pp.1-20, Brasil. [in Portuguese].Bicho, N. C. C. 2005. Qualidade e segurança alimentar no café verde e aclimataçã o do género Coffea em condiçõ es de stress ambiental [Food quality and safety in green coffee and acclimation of the Coffea genus in environmental stress conditions]. Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, p. 389, Portugal. [in Portuguese].Bicho, N. C. C., A. E. Leitã o, J. C. Ramalho, N. B. Alvarenga and F. C. Lidon. 2011a.Identification of chemical clusters discriminators of the roast degree in Arabica and Robusta coffee beans. Eur. Food Res. Tech. 233:303-311. Bicho, N. C. C., A. E. Leitã o, J. C. Ramalho, N. B. Alvarenga and F.C. Lidon. 2011b.Identification of nutritional clusters descriptors of roasting intensity in beverages of Arabica and Robusta coffee beans. Int. J. Food Sci. Nut. 62(8):865-871.Bicho, N. C. C., A. E. Leitã o, J. C. Ramalho, N. B. Alvarenga and F. C. Lidon. 2012. Application of colour parameters for roasting coffee assessment.Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos 32(2):1-7.Bicho, N. C. C., J. F. S. Oliveira, A. E. Leitã o, J. C. Ramalho and F. C. Lidon. 2011c. O Café –Origens, Produçã o, Processamento e Definiçã o de Qualidade. [Coffee – Origins, Production, Processing and Quality Definition]. Livraria Escolar Editora. P. 170, Lisboa, Portugal. [in Portuguese].Chervin, C., P. Franz and F. Birrell, F. 1996.Calibration tile slightly influences assessment of color change in pears from green to yellow using de L,a,b space. Hort. Sci. 31:471.Clifford, M. N. 1987. Chemical and physical aspects of green coffee products. In: M. N. Clifford and and K. C. Wilson (Eds.) pp. 305-374.Coffee, Botany, Biochemistry and Production of Beans and Beverage. Croom Helm & Methuen Inc, New York, USA.Cortez, J. G. 2001. Proposal for a global system to improve coffee. Comments and suggestions.Document WP Quality nº 3/01, 31/10/2001. International Coffee Organization 1-8.Coste, R. 1992. Coffee: the plant and the product. MacMillan Press Ltd, London, UK. Esteves, A. B. and J. S. Oliveira. 1970. Contribuiçã o para o estudo das características dos cafés de Angola [Contribution to the study of Angola coffees characteristics]. Junta de Investigaçõ es do Ultramar, Estudos Ensaios e Documentos 126:1-177. [in Portuguese].Fazuolli, L. C. 1986. Genética e melhoramento do cafeeiro [Coffee genetics and breeding]. In: Cultura do Cafeeiro-Factores que afectam a produtividade, Associaçã o Brasileira para
Natalina Conceiçã o Bicho et al.16Pesquisa da Potassa e do Fosfato, p. 89-113, Sã o Paulo, Brasil. [in Portuguese].Florián, J. C., J. B. Valdivia, L. C. Guevara and D. C. Lianos. 2013. Antidiabetic effect of Coffea arabica, in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Emir J. Food Agric. 25(10):772-777.ICC. 2004. Resoluçã o nº 420. Programa de Melhoria da Qualidade do Café –Modificaçõ es [Resolution No. 420. Coffee quality improvement programme -Modifications]. International Coffee Organization, pp. 1-3, London, UK. [in Portuguese].ICO. 2009. Trade statistics. International Coffee Organization, London, UK. Available via dialog: http://www.ico.org/coffee_prices.asp. Accessed: 21stAugust 2011.Instruçã o Normativa nº 8. 2003. Regulamento técnico de identidade e de qualidade para a classificaçã o do café beneficiado grã o cru [Technical regulation of identity and quality for the classification of raw green coffee beans]. Ministério de Estado da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, p. 1-12, Brasil. [in Portuguese].ISO 10470. 2004. Defect reference chart. In: WP Board nº 1005/06, Qualité: harmonisation de la résolution du Conseil International du Café numéro 420 avec la table ISO des défauts du café vert [Quality: harmonization of the International Coffee Council resolution No. 420 with the ISO green coffee defects table]. International Coffee Organization, p. 4-7, London, UK. [in French].ISO 4072. 1982. Green coffee in bags-sampling. International Organization for Standardization, p. 1-3, Switzerland.ISO 4149. 2005. Green coffee-Olfactory and visual examination and determination of foreign matter and defects. International Organization for Standardization, p. 1-5, Switzerland.ISO 4150. 1991. Green coffee-size analysis-manual sieving.International Organization for Standardization, p. 1-6, Switzerland.ISO 6673. 2003. Green coffee-Determination of loss in mass at 105 ºC. International Organization for Standardization, p.1-4, Switzerland. Mcguire, R. G. 1992. Reporting of objective colour measurements. Hort. Sci. 27: 1254-1255.Mendes, L. C., A. C. Menezes, M. Aparecida and A. P. Silva. 2001. Optimization of the roasting of robusta coffee (C. canephoraConillon) using acceptability tests and RSM. Food Qual.Pref. 12:153-162.Momin, J. K., Jayakumar C. and Prajapati, J. B. 2013. Potential of nanotechnology in functional foods. Emir J. Food Agric. 25(1):10-19.Nelson, G. 2005. Using colorimetry as analytical technique for quality assessment of green coffee beans. XXI Latin American Coffee Industry Symposium, San Salvador, El Salvador, 14-15 July 2005. Available at: http://www.ciboj.org/cib/certification/ENRD/WebReadyPowerPointshowsfromENRD/ColorimetryasAnalyticalTechnique.pps. Accessed: 16thApril 2012.NP 1535. 1977. Café-Terminologia [Coffee-Terminology]. Repartiçã o de Normalizaçã o da Inspecçã o-geral dos Produtos Agrícolas Industriais, p. 1-6, Portugal. [in Portuguese].NP 1795. 1989. Café-Café verde. Exame olfactivo e visual [Coffee-Green coffee. Olfactory and visual examination]. Instituto Português de Qualidade, p. 1-4 Lisboa, Portugal. [in Portuguese].NP 2285. 1991. Extractos secos de café e de sucedâneos -Determinaçã o da massa volú mica aparente por escoamento livre [Dried extracts of coffee and coffee substitutes -Determination of apparent density through free-flowing]. Instituto Português de Qualidade, p. 1-6, Lisboa, Portugal. [in Portuguese].Regulamento (CE) nº 123/2005. 2005.Regulamento da Comissã o (26/1/2005) que altera o Regulamento (CE) nº 466/2001 no que diz respeito à ocratoxina A [Commission Regulation (26/01/2005) that amends Regulation (EC) No 466/2001 concerning ochratoxin A]. Oficial J. Eur. Union L25:3-5.[in Portuguese].Soedibyo, D. W., U. Ahmad, K. B. Seminar and I.D. M. Subrata. 2010. The Development of Automatic Coffee Sorting System Based on Image Processing and Artificial Neural Network. Proceedings of AFITA 2010International Conference -The Quality Information for Competitive Agricultural Based Production System and Commerce,
Emir. J. Food Agric. 2014. 26 (1): 09-17http://www.ejfa.info/17Bogor Agricultural University, p. 272-275West Java-Indonesia. Available at: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/41672. Accessed: 16thApril 2012.WP Board nº 1005/06. 2006. Qualidade: Harmonizaçã o da Resoluçã o nú mero 420 do Conselho Internacional do Café com a Tabela de Referência de Defeitos do Café Verde da ISO [Quality: harmonization of the International Coffee Council Resolution Nº 420 with the ISO green coffee defects reference table]. International Coffee Organization, p.1-9, London, UK. [in Portuguese]

Published

2013-09-11

How to Cite

Bicho, N. C., A. E. Leitao, J. C. Ramalho, and F. C. Lidon. “APPLICATION OF COLOUR PARAMETERS FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF ARABICA AND ROBUSTA GREEN COFFEE”. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, vol. 26, no. 1, Sept. 2013, pp. 9-17, doi:10.9755/ejfa.v26i1.17190.

Issue

Section

Regular Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >> 

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.